DrugEvidence

Diseases / Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

Disease

Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes-related retinal disease that can range from non-vision-threatening changes to severe forms including proliferative disease and diabetic macular edema. It is a major cause of vision impairment and requires regular retinal screening and timely treatment. Disease burden is substantial at population level.

Trials
674
Recruiting
70
Completed
356
With results
79

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnUnknownTotal
Early Phase 1 11131 7
Phase 1 4112124 33
Phase 1/2 11013 15
Phase 2 411445828 73
Phase 2/3 25121 11
Phase 3 21235926 57
Phase 4 2221272210 48
Not applicable 296168712536 182
Unknown 251531112310556 248

Trials started per year

2021
10
2022
49
2023
30
2024
39
2025
46
2026
34
2027
1

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Diabetic Retinopathy 7331573115748182248 674
Diabetes Mellitus 1742239104243 141
Macular Degeneration 1526242747 94
Macular Edema 721631471412 75
Retinal Diseases 143683624 55
Glaucoma 12217 40
Retinal Vein Occlusion 12521018 38
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 1122121215 36
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 11121129 27
Cataract 111119 23

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1National Eye Institute (NEI)256
2Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image160
3University of Sao Paulo132
4Novartis Pharmaceuticals116
5Jaeb Center for Health Research96
6Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University90
7Sun Yat-sen University70
8University of Alabama at Birmingham70
9University of Wisconsin, Madison70
10Assiut University60

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1aflibercept43
2Ranibizumab37
3Bevacizumab29
4Tomography, Optical Coherence15
5salicylhydroxamic acid14
6Triamcinolone Acetonide14
7Calcium Dobesilate7
8Dexamethasone7
9Fenofibrate7
10Lasers7

Evidence

Results reported
22.2%79 of 356 completed
Published
13.5%48 of 356 completed
Primary endpoint met
36.2%34 of 94 analyses
Median months to report
15

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
62
Statistical analysis plan
56
PubMed citations
202

Trial profile

Median enrollment
100
Median duration
24.1months
Countries
69
Study sites
2598

Who is enrolled

Adults
668
Children
75
Older adults
649
Healthy volunteers
136

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
60
Phase 1
21
Phase 1/2
30
Phase 2
61
Phase 2/3
63
Phase 3
203
Phase 4
50
Not applicable
120
Unknown
170

Where trials run

United States
240
China
59
United Kingdom
36
France
28
Italy
27
Spain
25
Germany
22
Mexico
22
Portugal
22
Brazil
21

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1AustinUnited States43
2HoustonUnited States37
3PhoenixUnited States35
4San AntonioUnited States33
5BostonUnited States31
6Beverly HillsUnited States30
7BaltimoreUnited States28
8McAllenUnited States27
9HagerstownUnited States24
10IndianapolisUnited States24

Terminations

Terminated
45
Withdrawn
18
Stopped for recruitment
1.9%13 of 674 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
38
Recruitment
13
Lack of efficacy
4
Funding
4
Business decision
1
COVID-19
1
Regulatory
1
Safety
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT06112431 Withdrawn Withdrawn Lack of funding 2031-03-31
NCT06398080 Withdrawn Withdrawn Sponsor Decision 2029-01-03
NCT02229175 Withdrawn Withdrawn Study not feasible with current resources. 2027-01-01
NCT04699864 Terminated Terminated logistical constraints 2026-07-01
NCT05333055 Terminated Terminated Dissolution of the ophthalmology department 2024-05-15
NCT06181227 Terminated Terminated The trial was stopped early due to insufficient study drug supply and study funding constraints 2024-04-05
NCT04702048 Withdrawn Withdrawn sponsor withdrew funding 2024-02-01
NCT02207712 Terminated Terminated Major protocol deviations compromised the study. 2023-08-31
NCT04603937 Terminated Terminated Study did not meet primary endpoint 2023-08-31
NCT04611152 Terminated Terminated Study did not meet primary endpoint 2023-08-31

Trial records