DrugEvidence

Diseases / Insulin Resistance

Insulin Resistance

Disease

Insulin resistance is a condition in which muscle, fat, and liver cells respond poorly to insulin, requiring the pancreas to produce more insulin to keep blood glucose controlled. Persistent insulin resistance can lead to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes when pancreatic compensation is no longer sufficient.

Trials
2943
Recruiting
213
Completed
2003
With results
405

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnSuspendedUnknownTotal
Early Phase 1 31227414 42
Phase 1 111690756 126
Phase 1/2 1333326 48
Phase 2 13741711414121 245
Phase 2/3 2128235 41
Phase 3 434957518 136
Phase 4 73220423737 283
Not applicable 12535748104757356166 1526
Unknown 47988308198386 496

Trials started per year

2021
22
2022
110
2023
115
2024
115
2025
120
2026
104
2027
4
2030
1

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Insulin Resistance 4212648245411362831526496 2943
Obesity 826113671928399139 673
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 923164584076263107 587
Diabetes Mellitus 1268456396618991 471
Metabolic Syndrome 6637372417560 318
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 313240816145726 179
Inflammation 2631424169134 172
Overweight 2511323510329 163
Glucose Intolerance 231186169217 155
Motor Activity 184412411 152

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1University of Aarhus450
2Maastricht University Medical Center440
3Massachusetts General Hospital444
4University of Copenhagen370
5National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)351
6Pennington Biomedical Research Center351
7Stanford University330
8University of Alabama at Birmingham271
9Mayo Clinic251
10University of Colorado, Denver243

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1Insulin158
2Metformin152
3Exercise137
4Insulin Glargine54
5Pioglitazone54
6Cholecalciferol37
7Diet33
8Insulin Aspart33
9Insulin Lispro33
10Rosiglitazone32

Evidence

Results reported
20.2%405 of 2003 completed
Published
14.2%284 of 2003 completed
Primary endpoint met
33.8%165 of 488 analyses
Median months to report
24.5

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
179
Statistical analysis plan
179
PubMed citations
1014

Trial profile

Median enrollment
42
Median duration
26months
Countries
84
Study sites
3803

Who is enrolled

Adults
2815
Children
371
Older adults
1805
Healthy volunteers
1346

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
21
Phase 1
31
Phase 1/2
30
Phase 2
35
Phase 2/3
36
Phase 3
100
Phase 4
55
Not applicable
40
Unknown
80

Where trials run

United States
1108
Canada
196
Denmark
149
United Kingdom
105
Netherlands
100
Germany
90
China
84
Italy
80
France
66
Mexico
63

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1BostonUnited States115
2TorontoCanada56
3New YorkUnited States55
4MontrealCanada52
5MaastrichtNetherlands48
6AarhusDenmark44
7Baton RougeUnited States43
8BethesdaUnited States43
9ChicagoUnited States41
10CopenhagenDenmark41

Terminations

Terminated
132
Withdrawn
83
Suspended
11
Stopped for recruitment
1.8%53 of 2943 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
102
Recruitment
53
Funding
34
COVID-19
19
Regulatory
8
Business decision
6
Lack of efficacy
3
Safety
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT00546455 Suspended Suspended This study was terminated due to expired drug with possibility of re-starting in the future. 2099-01-31
NCT06490874 Withdrawn Withdrawn We will focus on parent study 2030-12-31
NCT04062890 Withdrawn Withdrawn Study was never opened at University of Arizona. 2030-12-30
NCT07329088 Withdrawn Withdrawn The study was not funded. 2029-01-31
NCT07057479 Withdrawn Withdrawn Strategic change in development priorities 2028-02-29
NCT05153395 Suspended Suspended Interim data and power analysis 2027-06-30
NCT06322940 Withdrawn Withdrawn Lack of funding 2026-12-31
NCT04088981 Withdrawn Withdrawn The study was not initiated due to COVID-19 restrictions during the original study start date. After the restrictions were lifted, the study was redesigned and entered as a different study. 2026-07-31
NCT06292000 Withdrawn Withdrawn Study PI Moved Institutions 2026-06-30
NCT06606327 Terminated Terminated Reprioritization of research efforts 2026-06-10

Trial records