DrugEvidence

Drugs / Leucovorin

Leucovorin

Drug

Leucovorin (folinic acid) is a reduced folate medicine used to decrease toxic effects from folate antagonists and in combination oncology regimens. It is also used in megaloblastic anemia and selected folate-related disorders. U.S. regulatory materials include modern approvals for specific tablet indications such as cerebral folate deficiency.

Trials
1336
Recruiting
164
Completed
642
With results
319

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnSuspendedUnknownApproved for marketingTotal
Early Phase 1 12421 10
Phase 1 262151171856 189
Phase 1/2 20874018166 115
Phase 2 66181442918728285 622
Phase 2/3 22613356 37
Phase 3 431724149202149 305
Phase 4 22512 12
Not applicable 311121425 38
Unknown 112121 8

Trials started per year

2021
17
2022
42
2023
46
2024
48
2025
67
2026
58
2027
2

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Colorectal Neoplasms 1563620310129662 449
Rectal Neoplasms 29810545615 208
Colonic Neoplasms 2291078571151 202
Pancreatic Neoplasms 328195522212 132
Stomach Neoplasms 17766517251 120
Neoplasm Metastasis 19650221 98
Neoplasms 216252101 65
Esophageal Neoplasms 86341521 57
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma 87191142 51
Lymphoma 71241106 49

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1National Cancer Institute (NCI)7921
2Sun Yat-sen University3216
3Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology3013
4Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center300
5Children's Oncology Group2716
6M.D. Anderson Cancer Center241
7Hoffmann-La Roche217
8ImmunityBio, Inc.200
9UNICANCER208
10GERCOR - Multidisciplinary Oncology Cooperative Group196

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1Leucovorin1336
2Fluorouracil1042
3Oxaliplatin736
4Irinotecan422
5Bevacizumab253
6Capecitabine186
7Methotrexate162
8Cyclophosphamide127
9Gemcitabine125
10Cetuximab115

Evidence

Results reported
49.7%319 of 642 completed
Published
22%141 of 642 completed
Primary endpoint met
41.6%69 of 166 analyses
Median months to report
19

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
162
Statistical analysis plan
160
PubMed citations
412

Trial profile

Median enrollment
75
Median duration
56.7months
Countries
71
Study sites
17881

Who is enrolled

Adults
1290
Children
193
Older adults
1216
Healthy volunteers
18

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
17
Phase 1
30
Phase 1/2
40
Phase 2
53
Phase 2/3
180
Phase 3
413
Phase 4
109
Not applicable
96
Unknown
184

Where trials run

United States
714
China
194
France
172
Canada
148
Germany
141
Italy
132
Spain
119
Australia
108
United Kingdom
108
South Korea
95

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1New YorkUnited States226
2ChicagoUnited States176
3Los AngelesUnited States172
4HoustonUnited States161
5BostonUnited States158
6St LouisUnited States153
7PhiladelphiaUnited States149
8RochesterUnited States145
9NashvilleUnited States139
10SeattleUnited States127

Terminations

Terminated
153
Withdrawn
58
Suspended
4
Stopped for recruitment
4.6%61 of 1336 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
114
Recruitment
61
Lack of efficacy
10
Funding
9
Business decision
8
Regulatory
8
Safety
4
COVID-19
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT05062889 Suspended Suspended due to earlier termination of the agreement between the Sponsor and Central Laboratory for screening test. Enrollment will reopen as soon as a new laboratory is identified. 2029-12-31
NCT05358704 Suspended Suspended no slots available 2028-01-30
NCT03203525 Terminated Terminated \<75% participation 2026-07-22
NCT02366819 Suspended Suspended Pending data analysis 2026-06-08
NCT04488159 Withdrawn Withdrawn Lack of funding. 2026-06-01
NCT04949256 Terminated Terminated Trial was rendered as cancelled work ongoing in the book of business. 2026-05-20
NCT06704724 Terminated Terminated The trial was terminated for strategic business reasons; the decision was not based on any safety and/or efficacy concerns. 2026-05-12
NCT05083481 Terminated Terminated Lack of clinical benefit 2026-05-11
NCT04481204 Withdrawn Withdrawn 0 participants 2026-04-27
NCT05712356 Terminated Terminated The study was halted prematurely to allow analysis of the results. 2026-04-05

Trial records