DrugEvidence

Drugs / Cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide

Drug

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating chemotherapy and immunosuppressive medicine used in cancers and severe autoimmune conditions. It is available orally and intravenously and is included on the WHO Essential Medicines list. It has long-standing clinical use in oncology and immune-mediated disease management.

Trials
3740
Recruiting
505
Completed
1671
With results
1033

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnSuspendedUnknownApproved for marketingAvailableNo longer availableTemporarily not availableTotal
Early Phase 1 18314106521 68
Phase 1 13123491233108391063 702
Phase 1/2 104101361607331449 468
Phase 2 167471128814179583156 1553
Phase 2/3 12612269126 92
Phase 3 5310260327487287 596
Phase 4 512304128 71
Not applicable 64658221234 142
Unknown 9311311141131 48

Trials started per year

2021
44
2022
144
2023
171
2024
150
2025
140
2026
152
2027
6

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Breast Neoplasms 2494425211149132510 555
Lymphoma 4564324310603253 447
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma 47340193134717224 413
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse 464421688464171 354
Leukemia 1543217811442213 346
Multiple Myeloma 670351664353181 338
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin 359401522353211 316
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute 371271387251191 292
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell 357321461274141 285
Lymphoma, Follicular 241271123401151 242

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1National Cancer Institute (NCI)21532
2M.D. Anderson Cancer Center1747
3Children's Oncology Group10059
4Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center923
5Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota8010
6Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center784
7St. Jude Children's Research Hospital718
8Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins691
9City of Hope Medical Center600
10Hoffmann-La Roche5325

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1Cyclophosphamide3740
2Doxorubicin984
3fludarabine950
4Vincristine808
5Prednisone584
6Rituximab574
7Etoposide573
8fludarabine phosphate514
9Filgrastim479
10Methotrexate424

Evidence

Results reported
61.8%1033 of 1671 completed
Published
22.5%376 of 1671 completed
Primary endpoint met
36.4%75 of 206 analyses
Median months to report
15

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
511
Statistical analysis plan
505
PubMed citations
1007

Trial profile

Median enrollment
45
Median duration
67months
Countries
87
Study sites
25640

Who is enrolled

Adults
3607
Children
1196
Older adults
2945
Healthy volunteers
59

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
17
Phase 1
20
Phase 1/2
31
Phase 2
46
Phase 2/3
122
Phase 3
397
Phase 4
104
Not applicable
38
Unknown
94

Where trials run

United States
2241
China
532
Canada
315
Germany
263
France
251
United Kingdom
250
Australia
235
Italy
228
Spain
214
Netherlands
150

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1HoustonUnited States526
2New YorkUnited States516
3SeattleUnited States388
4BostonUnited States380
5ChicagoUnited States368
6BaltimoreUnited States336
7PhiladelphiaUnited States331
8MinneapolisUnited States313
9St LouisUnited States304
10RochesterUnited States290

Terminations

Terminated
450
Withdrawn
155
Suspended
19
Stopped for recruitment
5.1%191 of 3740 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
295
Recruitment
191
Funding
42
Business decision
30
Regulatory
25
Lack of efficacy
22
Safety
18
COVID-19
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT07340853 Suspended Suspended Safety Review 2043-05-25
NCT07315503 Withdrawn Withdrawn Due to the sponsor's adjustment of the research and development strategy for this clinical trial, this study was prematurely terminated, and no subjects were recruited for this study 2041-01-15
NCT04539366 Suspended Suspended Other - review of safety data 2040-12-31
NCT05934097 Withdrawn Withdrawn This study was withdrawn (Sponsor decision). 2039-05-31
NCT04093648 Withdrawn Withdrawn The key elements of this study were incorporated into another study. 2038-01-31
NCT06984341 Withdrawn Withdrawn Decision of Sponsor. 2033-11-01
NCT07349771 Withdrawn Withdrawn Sponsor declined to fund study due to inability to agree on IP. 2033-06-01
NCT06692452 Withdrawn Withdrawn Ipsen requested a temporary closure due to a safety concern. 2032-10-01
NCT06313996 Withdrawn Withdrawn Replaced with another clinical trial. 2031-10-16
NCT06205290 Withdrawn Withdrawn Business objectives have changed. 2031-10-13

Trial records