Drugs / Cytarabine
Cytarabine
DrugCytarabine (cytosine arabinoside, ara-C) is an antimetabolite nucleoside-analog chemotherapy used in leukemias and lymphomas. It is administered via injectable routes, including intravenous and intrathecal use. It is a long-standing oncology medicine and is listed as prescription-only.
- Trials
- 1243
- Recruiting
- 147
- Completed
- 618
- With results
- 352
Last revised
Pipeline
Phase by status
| Phase | Recruiting | Not yet | By invitation | Active | Completed | Terminated | Withdrawn | Suspended | Unknown | No longer available | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early Phase 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 5 |
| Phase 1 | 19 | 1 | — | 16 | 114 | 34 | 17 | — | 8 | — | 209 |
| Phase 1/2 | 17 | 3 | 1 | 11 | 76 | 28 | 5 | — | 9 | — | 150 |
| Phase 2 | 66 | 14 | — | 35 | 258 | 55 | 23 | — | 63 | — | 514 |
| Phase 2/3 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 9 | — | — | — | 6 | — | 32 |
| Phase 3 | 21 | 4 | 1 | 23 | 113 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 45 | — | 226 |
| Phase 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 24 | 1 | — | — | 12 | — | 40 |
| Not applicable | 10 | 2 | 1 | — | 19 | 5 | 3 | — | 18 | — | 58 |
| Unknown | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 9 |
Trials started per year
Conditions studied, by phase
| Condition | Early Phase 1 | Phase 1 | Phase 1/2 | Phase 2 | Phase 2/3 | Phase 3 | Phase 4 | Not applicable | Unknown | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute | 3 | 147 | 82 | 198 | 12 | 92 | 11 | 20 | 3 | 568 |
| Leukemia | — | 49 | 33 | 110 | 8 | 68 | 3 | 9 | 2 | 282 |
| Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma | — | 46 | 25 | 86 | 11 | 36 | 19 | 8 | 4 | 235 |
| Lymphoma | 1 | 17 | 6 | 90 | 6 | 26 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 160 |
| Myelodysplastic Syndromes | — | 26 | 25 | 52 | 3 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 123 |
| Burkitt Lymphoma | — | 12 | 9 | 53 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 93 |
| Congenital Abnormalities | 1 | 31 | 12 | 26 | 1 | 14 | — | 3 | 1 | 89 |
| Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin | — | 12 | 9 | 46 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 85 |
| Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute | 1 | 23 | 7 | 29 | 2 | 18 | — | 3 | 1 | 84 |
| Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute | 1 | 22 | 6 | 30 | 1 | 18 | — | 3 | 1 | 82 |
Most active sponsors
| # | Sponsor | Trials | Phase 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | 103 | 3 |
| 2 | National Cancer Institute (NCI) | 86 | 20 |
| 3 | Children's Oncology Group | 60 | 33 |
| 4 | St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | 36 | 7 |
| 5 | Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, China | 34 | 7 |
| 6 | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center | 28 | 0 |
| 7 | PETHEMA Foundation | 25 | 1 |
| 8 | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | 22 | 2 |
| 9 | European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC | 16 | 10 |
| 10 | SWOG Cancer Research Network | 16 | 1 |
Most studied interventions
| # | Intervention | Trials |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cytarabine | 1243 |
| 2 | Methotrexate | 352 |
| 3 | Cyclophosphamide | 348 |
| 4 | Etoposide | 344 |
| 5 | Daunorubicin | 301 |
| 6 | Vincristine | 293 |
| 7 | Dexamethasone | 258 |
| 8 | Doxorubicin | 197 |
| 9 | Idarubicin | 192 |
| 10 | Filgrastim | 183 |
Evidence
- Results reported
- 57%352 of 618 completed
- Published
- 21%130 of 618 completed
- Primary endpoint met
- 40.8%31 of 76 analyses
- Median months to report
- 13
Documents disclosed
Trial profile
- Median enrollment
- 53
- Median duration
- 67months
- Countries
- 63
- Study sites
- 10096
Who is enrolled
Median enrollment by phase
- Early Phase 1
- 26
- Phase 1
- 21
- Phase 1/2
- 40
- Phase 2
- 50
- Phase 2/3
- 200
- Phase 3
- 355
- Phase 4
- 100
- Not applicable
- 54
- Unknown
- 150
Where trials run
Busiest cities
| # | City | Country | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Houston | United States | 260 |
| 2 | New York | United States | 217 |
| 3 | Chicago | United States | 198 |
| 4 | Boston | United States | 173 |
| 5 | Seattle | United States | 160 |
| 6 | Los Angeles | United States | 153 |
| 7 | Columbus | United States | 144 |
| 8 | Baltimore | United States | 140 |
| 9 | Cleveland | United States | 137 |
| 10 | St Louis | United States | 131 |
Terminations
- Terminated
- 138
- Withdrawn
- 52
- Suspended
- 1
- Stopped for recruitment
- 4.1%51 of 1243 trials
Stated reasons
Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.
Recently stopped
| Trial | Status | Stated reason | Stopped |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06692452 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Ipsen requested a temporary closure due to a safety concern. | 2032-10-01 |
| NCT05330377 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Sponsor withdrew funding | 2032-05-30 |
| NCT05766514 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Study disapproved by internal scientific review committee on re-review; study will no longer move forward | 2030-12-31 |
| NCT05521087 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Business Decision | 2030-01-29 |
| NCT05829434 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Trial was stopped prematurely due to safety reasons | 2029-08-30 |
| NCT04845035 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | The PI plans to revise the study design in a new protocol | 2029-01-31 |
| NCT07498465 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Other - Protocol moved to Withdrawn | 2028-11-12 |
| NCT04354025 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Principal investigator decided not to move forward with the study. | 2028-07-31 |
| NCT05228249 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | PI left institution and funding sponsor closed study. Study did not open to accrual, and no participants were enrolled. | 2027-10-01 |
| NCT06007911 Withdrawn | Withdrawn | Sponsor withdrew support. | 2027-04-30 |
Trial records
Individual study records live on ClinicalTrials.gov. A sample of the trials counted above: