DrugEvidence

Diseases / Glioma

Glioma

Disease

Glioma is a malignant tumor arising from glial cells in the brain or spinal cord. It includes multiple subtypes such as astrocytoma, glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, and ependymoma, with heterogeneous biology and prognosis. Gliomas account for a substantial share of central nervous system tumors.

Trials
1440
Recruiting
236
Completed
617
With results
236

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnSuspendedUnknownApproved for marketingAvailableNo longer availableTotal
Early Phase 1 157916968 70
Phase 1 5113301754612518 350
Phase 1/2 234296518919 140
Phase 2 24122221604313424 304
Phase 2/3 4311 9
Phase 3 73316318 41
Phase 4 3211 7
Not applicable 4919118722111439 234
Unknown 601410109165258317 285

Trials started per year

2021
17
2022
85
2023
76
2024
85
2025
72
2026
85
2027
5
2028
1

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Glioma 703501403049417234285 1440
Glioblastoma 191947215621936167 593
Brain Neoplasms 16150531172226068 488
Astrocytoma 712837961922344 356
Oligodendroglioma 49624691021521 241
Gliosarcoma 18522605125 190
Central Nervous System Neoplasms 5724559815 168
Ependymoma 255103931416 139
Medulloblastoma 24312262714 106
Neoplasms 62313184621316 101

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1National Cancer Institute (NCI)810
2Duke University470
3M.D. Anderson Cancer Center301
4Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins260
5Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center220
6Mayo Clinic200
7Huashan Hospital191
8Wake Forest University Health Sciences172
9Case Comprehensive Cancer Center151
10City of Hope Medical Center140

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1Temozolomide162
2Bevacizumab70
3Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy70
4Radiotherapy70
5Irinotecan31
6Surgical Procedures, Operative27
7Radiation24
8Carboplatin23
9Blood Specimen Collection22
10Specimen Handling21

Evidence

Results reported
38.2%236 of 617 completed
Published
16.9%104 of 617 completed
Primary endpoint met
37.9%11 of 29 analyses
Median months to report
14

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
150
Statistical analysis plan
145
PubMed citations
276

Trial profile

Median enrollment
36
Median duration
48months
Countries
58
Study sites
5378

Who is enrolled

Adults
1420
Children
308
Older adults
1252
Healthy volunteers
62

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
20
Phase 1
22
Phase 1/2
36
Phase 2
40
Phase 2/3
30
Phase 3
198
Phase 4
61
Not applicable
36
Unknown
88

Where trials run

United States
847
China
158
France
114
Canada
86
Germany
67
Italy
60
Netherlands
56
United Kingdom
56
Spain
46
Australia
45

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1New YorkUnited States177
2HoustonUnited States156
3BostonUnited States155
4DurhamUnited States135
5Los AngelesUnited States127
6San FranciscoUnited States112
7ChicagoUnited States103
8PhiladelphiaUnited States101
9BaltimoreUnited States88
10PittsburghUnited States84

Terminations

Terminated
157
Withdrawn
58
Suspended
16
Stopped for recruitment
3.9%56 of 1440 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
115
Recruitment
56
Funding
22
Business decision
14
Safety
9
Lack of efficacy
7
Regulatory
7
COVID-19
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT06169280 Suspended Suspended Safety issues 2030-12-31
NCT05695976 Suspended Suspended The study is suspended while preplanned interim analysis is being completed. 2029-01-31
NCT07553520 Withdrawn Withdrawn Not stated 2028-07-31
NCT06329570 Suspended Suspended FDA reviewing 2028-03-31
NCT06855628 Suspended Suspended low accrual 2028-02-29
NCT04222309 Suspended Suspended Per IRB closed and opened a new study. 2028-01-31
NCT03952598 Suspended Suspended Study on hold pending possible updates with the team. 2027-12-31
NCT05341947 Withdrawn Withdrawn Lack of Funding 2027-12-31
NCT05475522 Suspended Suspended technical issues 2027-08-31
NCT05485038 Suspended Suspended technical issues 2027-08-31

Trial records

Individual study records live on ClinicalTrials.gov. A sample of the trials counted above:

Search all Glioma trials on ClinicalTrials.gov →