DrugEvidence

Drugs / Temozolomide

Temozolomide

Drug

Temozolomide is marketed as Temodar, an alkylating antineoplastic drug used in adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (with radiotherapy then maintenance) and anaplastic astrocytoma settings. It is a prodrug that converts nonenzymatically to MTIC, which alkylates DNA and induces tumor cell death. U.S. initial approval was in 1999.

Trials
928
Recruiting
128
Completed
421
With results
252

Last revised

Pipeline

Phase by status

PhaseRecruitingNot yetBy invitationActiveCompletedTerminatedWithdrawnSuspendedUnknownTotal
Early Phase 1 538131 21
Phase 1 1931811032511 198
Phase 1/2 3181254232215 147
Phase 2 50181392034611163 432
Phase 2/3 4244114 20
Phase 3 15372810213 78
Phase 4 13 4
Not applicable 26215 16
Unknown 215211 12

Trials started per year

2021
8
2022
38
2023
35
2024
32
2025
41
2026
37
2027
5

Conditions studied, by phase

ConditionEarly Phase 1Phase 1Phase 1/2Phase 2Phase 2/3Phase 3Phase 4Not applicableUnknownTotal
Glioblastoma 710671158840259 406
Brain Neoplasms 3382672117121 161
Glioma 641267017144 160
Gliosarcoma 14823462821 131
Astrocytoma 1381237316124 114
Central Nervous System Neoplasms 1301450951 110
Melanoma 14173717 76
Oligodendroglioma 12742918121 74
Neuroblastoma 21210182 44
Medulloblastoma 1156101 33

Most active sponsors

#SponsorTrialsPhase 3
1National Cancer Institute (NCI)617
2M.D. Anderson Cancer Center300
3Duke University240
4Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center240
5Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC222
6Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins190
7European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC176
8Mayo Clinic120
9University of California, San Francisco120
10Children's Oncology Group110

Most studied interventions

#InterventionTrials
1Temozolomide928
2Radiotherapy192
3Irinotecan100
4Bevacizumab78
5Radiation63
6Carboplatin41
7Vincristine40
8Etoposide32
9Cyclophosphamide30
10Lomustine28

Evidence

Results reported
59.9%252 of 421 completed
Published
28.3%119 of 421 completed
Primary endpoint met
32.9%26 of 79 analyses
Median months to report
17

Documents disclosed

Protocol available
117
Statistical analysis plan
112
PubMed citations
228

Trial profile

Median enrollment
43
Median duration
57.6months
Countries
60
Study sites
8016

Who is enrolled

Adults
905
Children
195
Older adults
789
Healthy volunteers
6

Median enrollment by phase

Early Phase 1
15
Phase 1
26
Phase 1/2
52
Phase 2
49
Phase 2/3
155
Phase 3
307
Phase 4
65
Not applicable
20
Unknown
82

Where trials run

United States
583
China
99
France
88
Canada
77
Italy
70
Germany
68
United Kingdom
65
Spain
58
Australia
54
Netherlands
48

Busiest cities

#CityCountryTrials
1New YorkUnited States154
2HoustonUnited States142
3BostonUnited States132
4ChicagoUnited States115
5PhiladelphiaUnited States115
6Los AngelesUnited States101
7San FranciscoUnited States95
8ClevelandUnited States89
9DurhamUnited States87
10St LouisUnited States85

Terminations

Terminated
117
Withdrawn
26
Suspended
3
Stopped for recruitment
5.4%50 of 928 trials

Stated reasons

Other / unclear
63
Recruitment
50
Funding
13
Business decision
8
Lack of efficacy
4
Regulatory
4
Safety
3
COVID-19
1

Reasons are grouped from the sponsor's own wording with a rule-based classifier; the original text is shown below.

Recently stopped

TrialStatusStated reasonStopped
NCT06639607 Suspended Suspended Drugs/Equipment Unavailable 2051-06-30
NCT04105374 Withdrawn Withdrawn NCI approval withdrawn 2030-11-30
NCT06202066 Suspended Suspended pending protocol changes 2028-10-15
NCT04890093 Suspended Suspended Pending updated agreements in order to enroll additional participants. 2027-12-31
NCT04796454 Withdrawn Withdrawn Company decision 2026-08-31
NCT04019327 Terminated Terminated Study terminated by sponsor 2025-12-04
NCT04239092 Terminated Terminated The decision to conclude study was made to optimize the clinical study design and protocol to further evaluate the safety profile of elraglusib (9-ING-41) in pediatric and adult patients with refractory Ewings Sarcoma. 2025-07-07
NCT05429502 Terminated Terminated Study halted early due to high toxicity risk (from BHLRM model) in combo treatment and inability to identify recommended Phase 2 dose in initial phase (Phase 1-Part A), making continuation to subsequent phases (Phase 1-Part B and Phase 2) unfeasible. 2025-02-26
NCT01430351 Terminated Terminated \<75 % participant accrual 2025-02-02
NCT04525014 Terminated Terminated Low Enrollment 2024-07-29

Trial records